
Tukhulkha, which I always always spell incorrectly, is an Etruscan
Goddess, God or Demon of the Underworld. Though many of the Etruscan Deities
could be depicted as male or female depending on the times and apparently the
whim of the artist, Tukhulkha's gender indifference seems to be based in part
at least because S/He is literally A Scary Monster. Tukhulkha is mostly
of human form, but with the added extras of snakes growing from His/Her head
like horns (or snakes in place of the hair entirely), the beak or even the face
of a vulture, the ears of a donkey or ass, and large wings growing from Her/His
back. S/He also liked to carry another pair of snakes around in Her/His hands,
apparently just to scare the new souls; one tomb-scene shows Tukhulkha threatening
These (the Greek hero Theseus) with a great bearded snake, which is wrapped
around Her/His muscular arm and held right over These's head. (These, for his
part, seems to be just gritting his teeth and bearing the whole thing; then
again, he might not be all there, as the legend goes that while attempting a
raid on the Underworld he literally got stuck in the Chair of Forgetfulness.
Heracles later rescued him, and in prying him off the chair left a good part
of Theseus's butt there. Ick, and, Ow!) That said, most authorities
do identify Tukhulkha as primarily female.
Another depiction of Tukhulkha shows Him/Her in a short chiton
of white and red and carrying what appears to be a small club or blackjack.
Her/His wings are quite dynamically drawn and the last row of knife-shaped feathers
alternate white and blood red. Tukhulkha's skin here is a pale grey-blue and
though a chunk of the face in this fresco is lost, the hooked beaky nose, intense
eyes and snaky hair can still be made out, along with what looks like a black
beard.
Tukhulkha's function in the Underworld is not entirely known,
though a good part of it seems to be punishing or scaring the souls there, hopefully
only the ones who were bad when alive. Some have called Her/Him one of the main
Deities there, though I'm not sure I see that, as Phersipnei (Persephone, the
Queen) and Aita (Hades, the King) as rulers of the Underworld would seem the
obvious choice. The Queen and King, however, are from introduced Greek myth
and do not seem to have had a close equivalent in Etruscan myth, as evidenced
by their names which are merely Etruscan versions of the Greek; perhaps Tukhulkha
was a vestige of an older layer of belief.
Alternate spellings: Tuchulcha, Tuxulxa
